Umar Shah

got startup tutorial.However I would like to emphesasize the real benefits of css.1. If you have a lot of repititive formating then CSS will save time coding the page 2. Due to removed redundancy of repetitive styling code the transfers of pages over http will be faster since lesser data has to travel .2. it becomes easy to maintain the style of the page by using CSS.

Hi folks,I am planing to accept credit card payment on my site. the site would be developed in php.I want to know how I can do that.are there any pre existing libraries that enable to achieve this. if so what are these and how do I use them.thanks in anticipation.

Hi Folks,I wanted to know how I can configure VPN, on my ubuntu box..I want to use this machine to be able to log on to other computer in the network.thanks in advance.

Following is the list of ftp softwares availableyou can google for any name to find more detail about them: * — proprietary, freeware, Windows only. Personal FTP server. * ArGoSoft FTP Server — proprietary, shareware, Windows only. Some earlier version might have been freeware. * BulletProof FTP Server — commercial (Windows) * Cerberus FTP Server — "free for personal use and not-for-profit charitable organizations", Windows only * CesarFTP — freeware, Windows only * CrossFTP Server — open source, free software, Windows, Linux, Solaris, and Mac OS X. * CrushFTP Server — Professional shareware server supporting FTP, FTPS, SFTP, HTTP, HTTPS, WebDAV and WebDAV over SSL protocols. Runs on Mac OS X, Windows, Linux, *BSD, Solaris, etc. * G6 FTP Server — commercial (Windows) * GlobalSCAPE Secure FTP Server — commercial (WinNT+) FTP/S, SSH, HTTP/S, Automation * Fastream IQ Web/FTP Server — "totally free personal version and 30-day trial professional version available as bundled in one program.", Windows only * FileCOPA FTP Server — commercial, Windows. * FileZilla Server — open source, free software, WinNT 4.+/2K/XP only * freeFTPd — free, WinNT 4.+, supports FTP/S and SFTP * GuildFTP Daemon server — proprietary software, Windows only * IceWarp Server — free and commercial editions, Windows and Linux, integrates FTP over SSL and S/KEY authentication with email/IM accounts * JSCAPE Secure FTP Server — free and commercial editions; Linux, Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X with support for FTP, FTPS, SFTP, HTTP/S, WebDAV and WebDAV over SSL protocols. * Microsoft Internet Information Services — proprietary, Windows only, included in most versions of Windows after and including NT 3.51. * NASLite — free software; Linux based FTP/NAS server * Pure-FTPd — free software; Linux, *BSD, Mac OS X, Windows (experimental), et al. * RaidenFTPD FTP Server — commercial (Windows) * Serv-U FTP Server — commercial (Windows) * Sysax Multi Server — free and commercial editions (Windows) supports FTP, FTPS, SFTP, SSH, Telnet, HTTP, and HTTPS * Titan FTP Server — commercial (Windows) (South River Technologies) Supports FTP, SFTP and FTP over SSL * War FTP Daemon — freeware (Windows) * WS_FTP Server — commercial (Windows) (Ipswitch) * VicFTPS — freeware (Windows) * Xlight FTP Server — Free for personal, supports IPv6 (Windows) * zFTPServer — Free Windows FTP server, supports SSL * Rumpus FTP, SSL, Web interface (Mac OS X (Intel/PPC))[edit]

Now in this example i'll demonstrate one of my favourite O(n^2) sorts. This one is called insertion sort. [/code] public class InsertionSort { public static void main(String args[]) { int array[] = new int[10]; for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++){ array = (int)(java.lang.Math.random()*100); } insertionSort(array); for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++){ System.out.println("Val of array[" + i + "] = " +array ); } } public static void insertionSort(int arr[]) { int j=0; for (int i=1; i<arr.length;) { if(arr<arr[j]){ int tmp =arr[j]; arr=arr[j]; arr[j]=tmp; if(j>0){ j--; } else { j=i; i++; } } else { j=i; i++; } } } } [/code] Although we dont have two nested loops in this example , nonetheless it worls like two nested loops. the outer loop is only iterated if the present array upto position i is completely sorted. Otherwise j is decremented upto 0 so that the new element a is inserted at its proper position in the partial array.

Next I'll try to demonstrate a relatively simpler sort called Selection sort; public class SelectionSort{public static void main(String args[]){int array[] = new int[10];for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++){array[i] = (int)(java.lang.Math.random()*100);}selectionSort(array);for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++){System.out.println("Val of array[" + i + "] = " +array[i] );}}public static void selectionSort(int arr[]){for (int i=0; i<arr.length; i++){for (int j=i+1; j<arr.length-1; j++){if(arr[i]>arr[j]){int tmp =arr[j];arr[i]=arr[j];arr[j]=tmp;}}}}} in this example the inner loop just compares all the elements from position i to the end to find the mininmum one to be placed at position i, the position determined by each iteration of outer loop.

lets start with a bubble sort code in JAVA public class BubbleSort{public static void main(String args[]){int array[] = new int[10];for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++){array[i] = (int)(java.lang.Math.random()*100);}bubbleSort(array);for (int i=0; i < array.length; i++){System.out.println("Val of array[" + i + "] = " +array[i] );}}public static void bubbleSort(int arr[]){ for (int i=0; i<arr.length; i++) { for (int j=0; j<arr.length-i; j++) { if(arr[j]>arr[j+1]){ int tmp =arr[j]; arr[j]=arr[j+1]; arr[j+1]=tmp; } } }}}for each iteration of the inner loop the next highest value is bubbled to the last position of the remaining array;

easy way to get a feel of virtualization technology is to create a virtual machine for vmware.You can do that by visiting the site:[link]http://forums.xisto.com/no_longer_exists/ having to buy VMWare Workstation (Requird to create a machine otherwise.)then you need to get a vmware player available free and start the vmx machine created in the above step.pop in an ubuntu live CD and you are can boot ur newly created virtual machine within seconds.the good thing is u can use the player both on linux and windows.

My favourite distro is the UBUNTU.... Ubuntu is a community developed, Linux-based operating system that is perfect for laptops, desktops and servers. It contains all the applications you need - a web browser, presentation, document and spreadsheet software, instant messaging and much more. Ubuntu is a community developed operating system that is perfect for laptops, desktops and servers. Whether you use it at home, at school or at work Ubuntu contains all the applications you'll ever need, from word processing and email applications, to web server software and programming tools. Ubuntu is and always will be free of charge. You do not pay any licensing fees. You can download, use and share Ubuntu with your friends, family, school or business for absolutely nothing. We issue a new desktop and server release every six months. That means you'll always have the the latest and greatest applications that the open source world has to offer. Ubuntu is designed with security in mind. You get free security updates for at least 18 months on the desktop and server. With the Long Term Support (LTS) version you get three years support on the desktop, and five years on the server. There is no extra fee for the LTS version, we make our very best work available to everyone on the same free terms. Upgrades to new versions of Ubuntu are and always will be free of charge. Everything you need on one CD, which provides a complete working environment. Additional software is available online. The graphical installer enables you to get up and running quickly and easily. A standard installation should take less than 25 minutes. Once installed your system is immediately ready-to-use. On the desktop you have a full set of productivity, internet, drawing and graphics applications, and games. On the server you get just what you need to get up and running and nothing you don't. it comes in other flavours like Kubuntu/ Xubuntu, Edubuntu as well Kubuntu: Kubuntu is an official derivative of Ubuntu using the KDE environment instead of GNOME. It is part of the Ubuntu project and uses the same underlying system. It is an exciting distribution that showcases the full potential of the KDE desktop. Kubuntu shares the same repositories as Ubuntu, and relies on the same underlying architecture. The K Desktop Environment A powerful graphical desktop environment, combines the ease of use, contemporary functionality, and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of the Kubuntu operating system. KDE version 3.5.5 is the current stable release and Kubuntu 6.10 is the first distribution to include it. Photo Management Digikam Digikam is now included by default. This advanced digital photo management application provides you with the tools necessary to view, manage, edit, enhance, organise, tag and share photographs. Organising both photos and photo albums is a snap with Digikam as it allows you to sort chronologically, by directory layout, or by custom collections. Power Management Kubuntu received a new power management overhaul with the latest release. Guidance, the power management system, allows users to select various functions to control the power of their portable computing system, whether it is controlling the brightness of the display during low battery, locking the system upon closing the lid or controlling access to multiple batteries. zeroconf services in Kubuntu Easy Networking and Printer Sharing Zeroconf and print sharing let you browse the local network for available services. Both are now simple to setup and maintain requiring nothing more than ticking a box to enable the feature. Accessibility Profiles Kubuntu now offers users the ability to use a preconfigured accessibility profile depending on the type of disability right from the initial point of setup. This provides users the accessibility features they need in order to not only install the Kubuntu 6.10 operating system but to use the system on a daily basis for all of their computing needs. Press F5 at the CD boot screen to choose a profile. You can download Kubuntu, or request a free CD from Canonical. Visit the Kubuntu website to find out more. System Requirements: Kubuntu is available for PC, 64-Bit and Mac architectures. CDs require 700MB media. Desktop install requires at least 256MB of RAM and 3GB of available hard drive space. Xubuntu: Xubuntu is an official derivative of Ubuntu using the Xfce desktop environment. It is intended for users with less-powerful computers, or those that require a highly efficient desktop environment on faster systems. Xubuntu features primarily GNOME applications. Xubuntu Desktop When you start your system for the first time you'll see a desktop that is clean and tidy, no desktop icons and a default theme that is easy on the eye. Ready-to-use As soon as it's installed Xubuntu is ready for you to use. It comes with all the basic applications you need, including Abiword for documents, Gnumeric for spreadsheets, Firefox for web browsing and Mozilla Thunderbird for email. You can download Xubuntu, visit the Xubuntu website to find out more. System Requirements Xubuntu is available for PC, 64-Bit PC. CDs require 128MB RAM to run, or 192MB RAM to install. Desktop install requires at least 1.5GB of free space on your hard disk. Edubuntu: Ubuntu is used in primary and secondary schools around the world. It is an excellent education tool. Edubuntu is a officially supported derivative of Ubuntu that is customised for Education use. Detailed information about the Edubuntu project can be found here. Edubuntu contains a large number of educational applications including GCompris, KDE Edutainment Suite, and Schooltool Calendar. Edubuntu is developed to enable teachers/lecturers with limited technical knowledge and skills to set-up a computer lab, or establish an online learning environment, in an hour or less, and then administer that environment. GNOME Desktop A default desktop environment on Edubuntu. It provides file managers, network browsers, menus, and system tools. Edubuntu also provides three different theme set-ups, 'young', for younger users, 'plain' for a clean desktop set-up, and 'default', which is a general purpose theme set-up. OpenOffice 2.0 OpenOffice includes word processor, spreadsheet, presentation, simple vector drawing and web authoring applications. Plus many enhancements and new features, including Base, a powerful database front-end. KDE Edutainment Suite A collection of fun educational software that makes use of the KDE framework. Its primary focus is on schoolchildren aged 3 to 18, and the specialised user interface needs of young users. However, there are also programmes to aid teachers in planning lessons, and others that are of interest to university students, and anyone else with a desire to learn. Gcompris GCompris offers a huge collection of activities for the children in nursery/kindergarden, gently introducing them to basic computer use, then expanding to basic maths, reading activities, and more. You can download Edubuntu, or request a free CD from Canonical. Visit the Edubuntu website to find out more. System Requirements: Edubuntu is available for PC architectures. Installation requires at least 2.5 GB of disk space, a CPU of at least 1 GHz, and 256 MB of RAM plus an additional 128 MB of RAM per thin client (e.g. a server driving two clients should have at least 512 MB RAM).

#include<stdio.h>void printArr(int arr[]);int getMultiple(int a, int ;int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int array[10];int j;for(int j=0;j<10;j++){array[j] = getMultiple(j, 3 ) ;}printArr(array);return 0;}void printArr(int arr[]){int j;for(j=0;j<10;j++){printf("the %d th value of arr is \n",j,arr[j]);}int getMultiple(int a, int {return a * b;}} in this example the vales are assigned by calling the function getMultiple.this function returns the product of the arguments passed to it.

Next we can try to understand a basic philosophy that everything is done in functions.lets see how we can use some of the previous examples to understand basics of functions. #include<stdio.h>void printArr(int arr[]);int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int array[10];int j;for(int j=0;j<10;j++){array[j] = j * 3;}printArr(array);return 0;}void printArr(int arr[]){int j;for(j=0;j<10;j++){printf("the %d th value of arr is \n",j,arr[j]);}} the reult of this program is sam, it assigns and then prints the values of array;but the function of printing values is carried out by a separate function called printArr which does not return any value but carries out the task of printing the values.

Next thing we would want to do is talk about arrays An array is an ordered list of values. #include<stdio.h>int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int arr[10];int j;for(int j=0;j<10;j++){arr[j] = j * 3;}for(int j=0;j<10;j++){printf("the %d th value of arr is \n",j,arr[j]);}return 0;} the above example demonstrates initializing an integer array of size 10 with multiples of 3 in the first loop. the next loop prints these vales in that order in which they were stored. Next example demonstrates a two dimensional array. #include<stdio.h>int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int arr[10][10];int i,j;for(i=0;i<10;i++){ for(int j=0;j<10;j++) { arr[i][j] = i * j ; }}for(i=0;i<10;i++){ for(int j=0;j<10;j++) { printf("the arr[%d][%d] has value :%d \n",i,j,arr[i][j]); }}return 0;}

another form of the loop is do while this can be shown in the following example int main(int argc, char argv[]){int i=0;do{printf ("Iteration no: %s\n",i);i = i +1;}while(i<10);return 0;}

Now that we know about if we can start to see how a loop works.to begin , we shall start with a while loop. int main(int argc, char argv[]){int i=0;while(i<10){printf ("Iteration no: %s\n",i);i = i +1;}return 0;} the above program starts off with a variable i =0.it loops through while construct and prints Iteration no: value_of_ifor each iteration.i = i + 1;increments value of i by 1 ;this can also achieved by i++; or also by i+=1; while(i<10) is true untill i gets value of 10 and then the program control passes to the line immedately following the closing brace of while.this can also be achieved by a for loop as int main(int argc, char argv[]){int i=0;for(i=0;i<10;i++){printf ("Iteration no: %s\n",i);}return 0;}

Learning C should be precondition to all programming. Anyway What you wnat to learn? to Start with we can write a simple hello world program. #include<stdio.h>int main(int argc, char * argv[]){printf("Hello World!\n");return 0;} the above example just prints "Hello World!" on the screen. "\n" represents a newline character that makes the cursor go to the begining of the next line. the return 0 signals the OS that the program ended normally. #include<stdio.h>int main(int argc, char * argv[]){int i;i=10;printf("The value of i is %d\n",i);return 0;} the next example just prints "10" on the screen. "\n" represents a newline character that makes the cursor go to the begining of the next line. again the return 0 signals the OS that the program ended normally.

<?php$myFile = "test.txt";$filehandler = fopen($myFile, 'w') or die("can't open file");// this will create a new file if the file does not exist other wise overwrite it// to ensure that you dont overwrite an existing file but append to it use fopen($myFile, 'a')// if you want to read and write to the same file use w+/a+ mode to open the file$stringData = "You're text here \r";fwrite($filehandler, $stringData);$stringData = "Another Text here \r";fwrite($filehandler, $stringData);fclose($filehandler );?>

In PHP you can use the global variables from other files by declaring them as global in the file you want to use.this ensures that the variables are taken from the global scope.You may want to declare a similar variable in the file but some function func1 might still need to access the global copy.this can be achieved by declaring the variable as global in the function.Hope this was helpful.

well I dont agree with that.Dataone is the cheapes service available but it is not the best one if you factor in the reliability of the service as well.However My experience with other privayte ISPs also has not been so good. SIFY/ TATA indicom also suck bigtime.. when it comes to customer service.The leading service provider as per my experience is Airtel, reliability, cost and customer service all factored in.

I presume you are talking about multiplexing two separate lines from two ISPs.in that case you either need Hardware that supports load balancing (I think Dlink has a router that does that)or use two Lan interfaces and find some software that will do the load balancing.

all you need to know in php can be found on the site: php.netyou just need to have an idea of what you want to do and the term to find the appropriate function.