Java String Overview

[nhockhi 0]

String Overview
Strings are sequences of Unicode characters. In many programming languages strings are are stored in arrays of characters. However, in Java strings are a separate object type, String. The "+" operator is used for concatenation, but all other operations on strings are done with methods in the String class.

See the Summary - Strings for an overview of the methods in String and related classes.
Related types and classes
String The basic class for strings. String objects can NOT be changed.
char Primitive type for 16-bit Unicode characters.
Character Primarily useful for its utility functions for working with characters.
StringBuffer StringBuffers are used to build or change strings. Conversion between String and StringBuffer is easy.
StringBuilder StringBuilder was added in Java 5. It is the same as StringBuilder, but slightly faster because it's unsynchronized.
StringTokenizer Used to break a String into tokens (words).
BufferedReader
BufferedWriter Useful for reading and writing text files.
Pattern, Matcher JDK 1.4 added java.util.Pattern and Matcher to do regular expression matching.
String literals

To write a constant string, put the characters between double quotes, eg "abc".
Escape Character

There are some characters that can't be written directly in a string. The backslash ('\') character preceeds any of these special characters. For example, if a string contains a double quotes, put a backslash ('\') in front of each internal double quote, eg "abc\"def\"ghi". The other most common escape character is the newline character, which is written as "n" following the backslash. For example, the following string will produces two output lines. Note that the compiler replaces the backslash plus character with the one desired character. Eg, "\n".length() is one.

System.out.println("This is the first\nand this is the second line.");

The "empty" string

The String equivalent of 0, is the string with no characters, "".
Concatenation
Expression Value
1 + 2 3
"1" + 2 "12"
1 + "2" "12"
"1" + 2 + 3 "123"
1 + 2 + "3" "33"

Putting two strings together to make a third string is called concatenation. In Java the concatenation operator is '+', the same operator as for adding numbers. If either operand is a String, Java will convert the other operand to a String (if possible) and concatenate the two.
Upper- and lowercase

To change to uppercase (and similarly to lowercase), Java has two methods, depending on whether you have a single character (eg, c) or a String (eg, s).
Converting a string to uppercase

s = s.toUpperCase();

Converting a character to uppercase

c = Character.toUpperCaseŠ;

Of course, you don't have to assign these values back to themselves -- you can use the values where you want.

Notice from mayank:

Copied it completely from here : http://forums.xisto.com/no_longer_exists/
2nd mistake in a day

[derickkoo 0]

Notice from mayank:

Copied it completely from here : http://forums.xisto.com/no_longer_exists/2nd mistake in a day

well, that's true , String is a special Class in Java

[darran 0]

I have been programming with java for a few years and based on experience with String classes, what is being mentioned here is simply taken from most sites which teaches Java. Really basic stuff, and even so, this article has missed out on some crucial parts in the manipulation of String classes. Namely, the use of String.indexOf(), String.charAt(), String.substring() and String.length(), all of which are extremely crucial especially if you want to do validation with emails, telephone number, password ... etc, these methods are extremely crucial. Another thing would be the use of .equals() in conditional statements. For e.g. usually when we are comparing a variable to an integerif (number1 == 20) { System.out.println("The number is " + number1);}But it does not work in the case of Strings, for Strings the usage of .equals is required for it to check a condition. if (string1.equals("hello")) { System.out.println("The string is " + string1);}Hope you guys had learnt something from this.