Hmm, let see heres a short list of they might do. Of course after many of them the authorities would come knocking on your door and might even take your PCs and other elctronics as evidence. Sure you'd get them back eventually, but.... 1. Distribute a new virus, worm, trojan etc. 2. Setup a file share with copyrighted material. 3. Sniff your network traffic and grab your email passwords right out of the air. 4. Set up a man in the middle exploit and gain access to your more sensitive passwords and information. 5. Log in to your machine using the default administrator password and totally thrash your data, or just steal it. 6. How about full fledged ID theft. It certainly could happen. 7. Reconfigure your network so that they are now in control. You'd be forced to hard reset it to regain control. Of course at the same time I true hacker could probably break into your secured network and do the same things if they really wanted to. They probably won't though, since your next door neighbor has a wide open "low hanging fruit" network. The important question you didn't ask is "How secure should my network be" and my answer to that is just secure enough that it doesn't inconvenience the users but that it can deter the potential attackers. In my environment where my neighbors are far from tech savvy and they have wide open networks, Simple MAC address filtering with low level encryption is more than enough.